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Shadow Economies in Highly Developed OECD Countries: What Are the Driving Forces?
shadow economy tax morale tax pressure state regulation undeclared work
2012/10/19
In this paper the main focus lies on “driving forces” of the development and size of the
shadow economy in highly developed 39 OECD countries. The influential factors on the
shadow economy are tax p...
The Dynamics of the Regulation of Labor in Developing and Developed Countries since 1960
employment protection legislation labor market institutions reforms
2012/10/22
This paper examines both the determinants and the effects of changes in the rigidity of labor market legislation across countries over time. Recent research identifies the origin of the legal system a...
Are Labor Force Participation Rates Really Non-Stationary? Evidence from Three OECD Countries
labor force participation rates structural change stationarity
2012/10/23
This paper shows that the structural breaks are an important characteristic of the monthly labor force participation rate (LFPR) series of Australia, Canada and the USA. Therefore we allow for endogen...
Redistributive Preferences, Redistribution, and Inequality: Evidence from a Panel of OECD Countries
inequality perceptions distributional norms redistributive preferences inequality redistribution political preferences
2012/10/23
This paper describes individuals’ inequality perceptions, distributional norms, and redistributive preferences in a panel of OECD countries, primarily focusing on the association between these subject...
Height and Cognitive Function among Older Europeans: Do People from "Tall" Countries Have Superior Cognitive Abilities?
height cognitive function instrumental variables World War II
2012/10/18
Previous research has found that height is correlated with cognitive functioning at older ages. It therefore makes sense to ask a related question: do people from countries where the average person is...
The Labor Market Effects of Immigration and Emigration in OECD Countries
immigration and emigration complementarity schooling externalities average wage wage inequality
2012/10/17
In this paper, we simulate the labor market effects of net immigration and emigration during the 1990's in all OECD countries. To accomplish this, we are the first to employ a comprehensive database o...
A General Model of Technical Change with an Application to the OECD Countries
technical change total factor productivity growth technology indicator technology shifter OECD countries
2012/10/23
In the neoclassical production functions model technical change (TC) is assumed to be exogenous and it is specified as a function of time. However, some exogenous external factors other than time can ...
Redistribution Policy and Inequality Reduction in OECD Countries: What Has Changed in Two Decades?
income inequality redistribution working age OECD
2012/10/23
We use a range of data sources to assess if, and to what extent, government redistribution policies have slowed or accelerated the trend towards greater income disparities in the past 20-25 years. In ...
Fewer Jobs or Smaller Paychecks? Aggregate Crisis Impacts in Selected Middle-Income Countries
middle-income countries labor markets recession
2012/10/24
This paper reviews evidence from 44 middle income countries on how the recent financial crisis affected jobs and workers' income. In addition to providing a rare assessment of the magnitude of the imp...
The Frisch Elasticity in the Mercosur Countries: A Pseudo-Panel Approach
Frisch elasticity labor supply liqui dity constraints Mercosur life-cycle models pseudo-panel (synthetic panel)
2012/10/23
This paper provides estimates for the Mercosur countries of the Frisch elasticity – i.e., the elasticity of substitution between worked hours and real wages holding constant the marginal utility of we...
Climate Change, Natural Disasters and Migration: An Empirical Analysis in Developing Countries
climate change natural disasters migration
2012/10/24
The aim of this paper is to assess the relationship between natural disasters caused by climate change and migration by examining migration rates and levels of education in developing countries. Many ...
Gender Gaps across Countries and Skills: Supply, Demand and the Industry Structure
gender gaps education demand and supply industry structure
2012/10/24
The gender wage gap varies widely across countries and across skill groups within countries. Interestingly, there is a positive cross-country correlation between the unskilled-to-skilled gender wage g...
Economic Conditions at the Time of Birth and Cognitive Abilities Late in Life: Evidence from Eleven European Countries
cognition economic business cycle developmental origins health long-run effects dementia numeracy memory decision-making
2012/10/24
With ageing populations and a stronger reliance on individual financial decision-making concerning asset portfolios, retirement schemes, pensions and insurances, it becomes increasingly important to u...
Immigration, Unemployment and Growth in the Host Country: Bootstrap Panel Granger Causality Analysis on OECD Countries
immigration growth unemployment Granger causality
2012/10/25
This paper examines the causality relationship between immigration, unemployment and economic growth of the host country. We employ the bootstrap panel Granger causality testing approach of Kónya (200...
Informal Workers across Europe: Evidence from 30 Countries
informal employment human capital discrimination minorities immigrants
2012/10/25
The European Social Survey data are used to analyze informal employment at the main job in 30 countries. Overall, informality decreases from South to West to East to North. However, dependent work wit...