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Bogen and Woodward’s data-phenomena distinction, forms of theory-ladenness, and the reliability of data
Data Phenomena Bogen and Woodward inductive inference reliability
2011/9/8
Some twenty years ago, Bogen and Woodward challenged one of the fundamental assumptions of the received view, namely the theory-observation dichotomy and argued for the introduction of the further cat...
Probability theory and causation.A branching space-times analysis
branching space-times causation probabilities screening-off
2008/4/22
We provide a formally rigorous framework for integrating singular causation, as understood by Nuel Belnap's theory of causae causantes, and objective single case probabilities. The central notion is t...
The pragmatic theory of explanation is an attempt to see explanation as a linguistic response to a cognitive problem where the content of the response depends on the context of the scientific inquiry....
This paper discusses an almost sixty year old problem in the philosophy of science -- that of a logic of confirmation. We present a new analysis of Carl G. Hempel's conditions of adequacy (Hempel 1945...
Theoretical Omniscience: Old Evidence or New Theory
Bayesian Confirmation Theory Theoretical Omniscience
2008/4/21
I will show that, in the Problem of Old Evidence, unless a rational agent has a property I will call theoretical omniscience (a stronger version of logical omniscience), a problem with non-commutativi...
Theory Change and Bayesian Statistical Inference
theory change Bayesian statistical inference inductive predictions
2008/4/21
This paper addresses the problem that Bayesian statistical inference cannot accommodate theory change, and proposes a framework for dealing with such changes. It first presents a scheme for generating...
Cognitive scientific realism as presented in my previous paper is amended to include a new and strong epistemic indicator for truth of scietific theories: theory coherence and by implication level coh...
Time Flow Physics: Introduction to a unified theory based on time flow.
Time flow simultaneity Lorentz symmetry
2008/4/21
This paper summarises a novel approach to constructing a unified theory of fundamental physics, which I have called 'Time Flow Physics' (TFP). It is shown how this provides a natural model which repro...
Weyl and von Neumann: Symmetry, Group Theory, and Quantum Mechanics
symmetry groups quantum mechanics structural realism
2008/4/18
In this paper, I shall discuss the heuristic role of symmetry in the mathematical formulation of quantum mechanics. I shall first set out the scene in terms of Bas van Fraassen’s elegant presentation ...
Modeling Partially Reliable Information Sources: a General Approach based on Dempster-Shafer Theory
Dempster-Shafer Theory Probabilistic Argumentation
2008/4/15
Combining testimonial reports from independent and partially reliable information sources is an important problem of uncertain reasoning. Within the framework of Dempster-Shafer theory, we propose a g...
Evolutionary Theory in the 1920s: The Nature of the 'Synthesis'
evolutionary theory Fisher Haldane
2008/4/11
This paper analyzes the development of evolutionary theory in the period from 1918 to 1932. It argues that: (i) Fisher’s work in 1918 constitutes a not fully satisfactory reduction of biometry to Mend...
An Application of Information Theory to the Problem of the Scientific Experiment
Information theory ergodic theory induction
2008/4/10
There are two basic approaches to the problem of induction: the empirical one, which deems that the possibility of induction depends on how the world was made (and how it works) and the logical one, w...
A theory of causation: causae causantes (originating causes) as inus conditions in branching space-times
causation indeterminism inus conditions
2008/4/9
Branching space-times (BST) theory, as developed elsewhere,
permits a sound and rigorously definable notion of
``originating cause'' or causa causans---a type of
transition event---of an outcome ev...
EVER since Pilate asked, "What is truth?" (John XVIII, 38),
the subsequent search for a correct answer has been inhibited
by another problem, which, as is well known, also
arises in a New Testament...
Laws and Models in a Theory of Idealization
approximation laws of nature idealized laws ceteris paribus laws
2008/4/1
In this paper, I first give a brief summary of a critique of the traditional theories of approximation and idealization; and after identifying one of the major roles of idealization as detaching compo...