搜索结果: 16-30 共查到“科学技术哲学 Explanation”相关记录45条 . 查询时间(0.15 秒)
Scientific Explanation and Scientific Structuralism
Structural explanation quantum mechanics model
2009/9/16
In this paper we argue that quantum mechanics provides a genuine kind of structural explanations of quantum phenomena. Since structural explanations only rely on the formal properties of the theory, t...
Scientific Reasoning Is Material Inference: Combining Confirmation, Discovery, and Explanation
inference concepts confirmation induction
2009/9/11
Whereas an inference (deductive as well as inductive) is usually viewed as being valid in virtue of its argument form, the present paper argues that scientific reasoning is material inference, i.e., j...
Causation in Biology: Stability, Specificity, and the Choice of Levels of Explanation
Cause Stability Levels of Explanation Causal Specificity
2009/9/8
This paper attempts to elucidate three characteristics of causal relationships that are significant in biological contexts. Stability has to do with whether a causal relationship continues to hold und...
Non-Empirical Requirements Scientific Theories Must Satisfy: Simplicity, Unification, Explanation, Beauty
Simplicity Unification Eplanation ymmetry
2008/4/22
A scientific theory, in order to be accepted as a part of theoretical scientific knowledge, must satisfy both empirical and non-empirical requirements, the latter having to do with simplicity, unity, ...
Roald Hoffmann and other theorists claim that we we ought to use highly idealized chemical models (``qualitative models'') in order to increase our understanding of chemical phenomena, even though oth...
The purpose of this paper is to discuss and clarify the explanations commonly cited for the aerodynamic lift generated by a wing, and to then analyse, as a case study of engineering discovery, the aer...
Explanation, unification, and what chemistry gets from causation
unification causation chemistry
2008/4/22
I consider a way the concept of causation could be excised from chemical practice, suggested by Kitcher's view that causes are just a subset of unifying patterns which play a particular psychological ...
This paper is about structuralism as a form of reconstructing theories, associated with the work Sneed, Balzar and Moulines among others, and not about "structuralism" is any of its other manifold sen...
Reversing the Arrow of Explanation in the Relational Blockworld: Why Temporal Becoming, the Dynamical Brain and the External World Are All "In The Mind"
Quantum Mechanics non-locality blockworld consciousness
2008/4/22
We introduce the Relational Blockworld (RBW) as a paradigm for deflating the mysteries associated with quantum non-separability/non-locality and the measurement problem. We begin by describing how the...
In this paper (which is, at best, a work in progress), I discuss different modes of scientific explanation
identified by philosophers
(Hempel, Salmon, Kitcher, Friedman, Hughes)
and
examine how w...
Stable Models and Causal Explanation in Evolutionary Biology
Group Selection Stable Models
2008/4/21
Models that fail to satisfy the Markov condition are unstable in the sense that changes in state variable values may cause changes in the values of background variables, and these changes in backgroun...
The Crux of Crucial Experiments: Duhem’s Problems and Inference to the Best Explanation
Methodology crucial experiments Duhem
2008/4/21
Going back at least to Duhem, there is a tradition of thinking that crucial experiments are impossible in science. I analyse Duhem’s arguments and show that they are based on the excessively strong as...
In this paper I defend the idea that there is a sense in which it is meaningful and useful to talk about objective understanding, and that to characterize that notion it is necessary to formulate an a...
The Physicists, the Chemists and the Pragmatics of Explanation
the Pragmatics of Explanation Physicists
2008/4/21
In this paper I investigate two views of theoretical explanation in quantum chemistry, advocated by John Clarke Slater and Charles Coulson. Slater argued for quantum-mechanical rigour, and the primacy...
The pragmatic theory of explanation is an attempt to see explanation as a linguistic response to a cognitive problem where the content of the response depends on the context of the scientific inquiry....