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Stable Models and Causal Explanation in Evolutionary Biology
Group Selection Stable Models
2008/4/21
Models that fail to satisfy the Markov condition are unstable in the sense that changes in state variable values may cause changes in the values of background variables, and these changes in backgroun...
Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking (II): Variations in Complex Models
symmetry spontaneous breaking of symmetry
2008/4/21
This paper, part II of a two-part project, continues to explore the meaning of spontaneous symmetry breaking (SSB) by applying and expanding the general notion we obtained in part I to some more compl...
The Dark Side of the Force: When computer simulations lead us astray and ``model think'' narrows our imagination --- Pre conference draft for the Models and Simulation Conference, Paris, June 12-14 ---
computer simulations
2008/4/21
This paper is intended as a critical examination of the question of when the use of computer simulations is beneficial to scientific explanations. This objective is pursued in two steps: First, I try ...
The Ontological Commitments of Mathematical Models
Mathematical realism Indispensability argument Mathematical models
2008/4/21
Some philosophers of mathematics argue that the role of mathematical models in science is merely representational: when scientists use mathematical models they only believe that they are adequate repr...
In “The Toolbox of Science” (1995) together with Towfic Shomar we advocated a form of instrumentalism about scientific theories. We separately developed this view further in a number of subsequent wor...
A number of writers have been attracted to the idea that some of the peculiarities of quantum theory might be manifestations of 'backward' or 'retro' causality, underlying the quantum description. Thi...
Models, Theories, and Language
Theories Models Realism
2008/4/15
The semantic view on theories has been much in vogue over four decades as the successor of the syntactic view. In the present paper, I take issue with this approach by arguing that theories and models...
Representation has been one of the main themes in the recent discussion of models. Several authors have argued for a pragmatic approach to representation that takes users and their interpretations int...
Experimental engineering models have been used both to model general phenomena, such as the onset of turbulence in fluid flow, as well as to predict the performance of machines of particular size and ...
Models in Fluid Dynamics
Fluid Dynamics Models
2008/4/15
In this paper, I would like to show that considering technological models as they arise in engineering disciplines can greatly enrich the philosophical perspective on models. In fluid mechanics, (at l...
According to a widespread view of scientific modelling, the false ‘prepared descriptions’ and theoretical laws that scientists write down when they model a system do not represent that system directly...
Models as a Tool for Theory Construction: Some Strategies of Preliminary Physics
Strategies of Preliminary Theory Construction
2008/4/15
Theoretical models are an important tool for many aspects of scientific activity. They are used, i.a., to structure data, to apply theories or even to construct new theories. But what exactly is a mod...
Fundamental theories are hard to come by. But even if we had them, they would be too complicated to apply. Quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is a case in point. This theory is supposed to govern all strong...
Models and Modals
models probability causation pragmatism
2008/4/15
Pragmatists recommend that in approaching a problematic concept in philosophy, we should begin by examining the role it plays in the practical, cognitive and linguistic lives of the creatures who use ...
Models are generally used by scientists to obtain predictions and to provide explanations about phenomena. Their predictive and explanatory power is generally thought of as depending on their represen...