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Ethics Review Committee approval and informed consent: an analysis of biomedical publications originating from Sri Lanka
biomedical Ethics
2008/11/14
Background
International guidelines on research have focused on protecting research participants. Ethical Research Committee (ERC) approval and informed consent are the cornerstones. Externally spons...
Need for enforcement of ethicolegal education – an analysis of the survey of postgraduate clinical trainees
ethicolegal education clinical trainees
2008/11/11
Background
The number of medical lawsuits in Japan was between 14 and 21 each year before 1998, but increased to 24 to 35 per year after 1999. There were 210 lawsuits during this 10-year period. Ther...
《The Analysis of Mind 》Lecture XV. Characteristics of Mental Phenomena
分析哲学 Analytic Philosophy Bertrand Russell 罗素
2008/7/28
At the end of our journey it is time to return to the question from which we set out, namely: What is it that characterizes mind as opposed to matter? Or, to state the same question in other terms: Ho...
《The Analysis of Mind》 Lecture XIV. Emotions and Will
分析哲学 Analytic Philosophy Bertrand Russell 罗素
2008/7/28
On the two subjects of the present lecture I have nothing original to say, and I am treating them only in order to complete the discussion of my main thesis, namely that all psychic phenomena are buil...
《The Analysis of Mind 》Lecture XIII.Truth and Falsehood
分析哲学 Analytic Philosophy Bertrand Russell 罗素
2008/7/28
The definition of truth and falsehood, which is our topic to-day, lies strictly outside our general subject, namely the analysis of mind. From the psychological standpoint, there may be different kind...
Belief, which is our subject to-day, is the central problem in the analysis of mind. Believing seems the most "mental" thing we do, the thing most remote from what is done by mere matter. The whole in...
《The Analysis of Mind 》Lecture XI. General Ideas and Thought
分析哲学 Analytic Philosophy Bertrand Russell 罗素
2008/7/28
It is said to be one of the merits of the human mind that it is capable of framing abstract ideas, and of conducting nonsensational thought. In this it is supposed to differ from the mind of animals. ...
《The Analysis of Mind 》Lecture X. Words and Meaning
分析哲学 Analytic Philosophy Bertrand Russell 罗素
2008/7/28
The problem with which we shall be concerned in this lecture is the problem of determining what is the relation called "meaning." The word "Napoleon," we say, "means" a certain person. In saying this,...
《The Analysis of Mind 》Lecture IX. Memory (Page 2)
分析哲学 Analytic Philosophy Bertrand Russell 罗素
2008/7/28
* See Semon, "Die mnemischen Empfindungen," chap. vi.
Immediate memory is important both because it provides experience of succession, and because it bridges the gulf between sensations and the ima...
Memory, which we are to consider to-day, introduces us to knowledge in one of its forms. The analysis of knowledge will occupy us until the end of the thirteenth lecture, and is the most difficult par...
《The Analysis of Mind 》Lecture VII. The Definition of Perception
分析哲学 Analytic Philosophy Bertrand Russell 罗素
2008/7/28
In Lecture V we found reason to think that the ultimate constituents* of the world do not have the characteristics of either mind or matter as ordinarily understood: they are not solid persistent obje...
《The Analysis of Mind 》Lecture VI. Introspection
分析哲学 Analytic Philosophy Bertrand Russell 罗素
2008/7/28
One of the main purposes of these lectures is to give grounds for the belief that the distinction between mind and matter is not so fundamental as is commonly supposed. In the preceding lecture I deal...
《The Analysis of Mind 》Lecture V. Psychological and Physical Causal Laws
分析哲学 Analytic Philosophy Bertrand Russell 罗素
2008/7/28
The traditional conception of cause and effect is one which modern science shows to be fundamentally erroneous, and requiring to be replaced by a quite different notion, that of LAWS OF CHANGE. In the...
《The Analysis of Mind 》Lecture IV. Influence of Past History on Present Occurrences in Living Organisms
分析哲学 Analytic Philosophy Bertrand Russell 罗素
2008/7/28
In this lecture we shall be concerned with a very general characteristic which broadly, though not absolutely, distinguishes the behaviour of living organisms from that of dead matter. The characteris...
《The Analysis of Mind 》Lecture III. Desire and Feeling
分析哲学 Analytic Philosophy Bertrand Russell 罗素
2008/7/28
Desire is a subject upon which, if I am not mistaken, true views can only be arrived at by an almost complete reversal of the ordinary unreflecting opinion. It is natural to regard desire as in its es...