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就业结构对政府债务的影响——基于OECD国家数据的分析
就业结构 政府债务 服务业 OECD国家
2016/11/9
文章从就业结构转变的角度，对政府债务膨胀原因做出一个新解释。研究发现，在劳动力从高生产率部门向低生产率部门转移的大趋势中，整个经济系统的支出扩张速度必然快于收入汲取速度。这一规律在私人部门的表现是经济盈余下降，有效需求萎缩；在公共部门的表现是机构难以精简，财政失衡加剧。从具体的影响程度上看，1970年以来OECD国家服务业就业占比每提高1个百分点，将推动政府负债率增加2个百分点左右。面对就业结构转...
目前中国民众担心推迟退休会增加青年失业率，但该观点缺乏相应的经验证据。文章通过对27个OECD国家1980-2010年的数据分析发现，当21个国家的退休年龄延迟时，有11个国家的青年失业率更低了，只有5个国家的青年失业率上升了。在4个退休年龄一直下降的国家中，3个国家的青年失业率没有明显变化，而有1个国家的青年失业率更高了。计量模型的实证结果进一步表明，男职工退休年龄与青年失业率之间显著负相关，说...
Shadow Economies in Highly Developed OECD Countries: What Are the Driving Forces?
shadow economy tax morale tax pressure state regulation undeclared work
2012/10/19
In this paper the main focus lies on “driving forces” of the development and size of the
shadow economy in highly developed 39 OECD countries. The influential factors on the
shadow economy are tax p...
Are Labor Force Participation Rates Really Non-Stationary? Evidence from Three OECD Countries
labor force participation rates structural change stationarity
2012/10/23
This paper shows that the structural breaks are an important characteristic of the monthly labor force participation rate (LFPR) series of Australia, Canada and the USA. Therefore we allow for endogen...
Redistributive Preferences, Redistribution, and Inequality: Evidence from a Panel of OECD Countries
inequality perceptions distributional norms redistributive preferences inequality redistribution political preferences
2012/10/23
This paper describes individuals’ inequality perceptions, distributional norms, and redistributive preferences in a panel of OECD countries, primarily focusing on the association between these subject...
OECD将公布《技能战略》
OECD 《技能战略》
2012/4/26
对于参与发达经济竞争的各国而言，拥有技能人才非常关键。但是，劳动力市场变化如此快，工人如何能够跟上？5月即将公布的OECD《技能战略》，在提供了对一个全新的有关成人能力的全面调查的同时，为各国指明了方向，将有助于回答这个问题。
The Labor Market Effects of Immigration and Emigration in OECD Countries
immigration and emigration complementarity schooling externalities average wage wage inequality
2012/10/17
In this paper, we simulate the labor market effects of net immigration and emigration during the 1990's in all OECD countries. To accomplish this, we are the first to employ a comprehensive database o...
A General Model of Technical Change with an Application to the OECD Countries
technical change total factor productivity growth technology indicator technology shifter OECD countries
2012/10/23
In the neoclassical production functions model technical change (TC) is assumed to be exogenous and it is specified as a function of time. However, some exogenous external factors other than time can ...
Redistribution Policy and Inequality Reduction in OECD Countries: What Has Changed in Two Decades?
income inequality redistribution working age OECD
2012/10/23
We use a range of data sources to assess if, and to what extent, government redistribution policies have slowed or accelerated the trend towards greater income disparities in the past 20-25 years. In ...
The Global Economic Crisis: Long-Term Unemployment in the OECD
long-term unemployment global crisis labour market policies OECD
2012/10/22
This paper analyses the impact of the global economic crisis on unemployment and long term unemployment in the OECD. It uses simple econometric models using panel data (quarterly) and time series data...
Immigration, Unemployment and Growth in the Host Country: Bootstrap Panel Granger Causality Analysis on OECD Countries
immigration growth unemployment Granger causality
2012/10/25
This paper examines the causality relationship between immigration, unemployment and economic growth of the host country. We employ the bootstrap panel Granger causality testing approach of Kónya (200...
The Aggregate Effects of Trade and Migration: Evidence from OECD Countries
international migration trade income geography
2012/10/31
Two large but separate bodies of literature analyze the economic effects of international trade and immigration. Given that several factors are important determinants of both trade and migration flows...
During the last year the global economy has experienced its most severe recession since the Great Depression. This article compares the UK experience with that of OECD member countries – a group of th...
Immigration Policy, Assimilation of Immigrants and Natives' Sentiments towards Immigrants: Evidence from 12 OECD-Countries
Assimilation of migrants European migration policies sentiments towards migrants
2013/10/17
As in the U.S. and Canada, migration is a controversial issue in Europe. This paper explores the possibility that immigration policy may affect the labor market assimilation of immigrants and hence na...
Does the Recent Success of Some OECD Countries in Lowering their Unemployment Rates Lie in the Clever Design of their Labour Market Reform?
OECD, unemployment institutions complementarities, reforms
2013/10/18
The development of the unemployment rate differs substantially between OECD countries. In recent years some countries experienced a mild increase, other countries had a stable unemployment rate, while...