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Piecewise Versus Total Support:How to Deal with Background Information in Likelihood Arguments
likelihood fine-tuning background information observation selection effect total evidence
2016/5/30
The use of the Likelihood Principle as a general tool for assessing rival hypotheses has been criticized for its ambiguous treatment of background information. The LP endorses radically different answ...
In science, models are used in many different ways: to test empirical hypotheses, to help in theory formation, to visualize data, and so on. Scientists construct and study the behavior of models, and ...
Can (quantum) information be sorted out from quantum mechanics?
Quantum Information Laws of physics Observers and objects
2009/11/18
We shall draw an affirmative answer to the question posed in the title. The key point will be a quantum description of physical reality. Once fixed at ontic level two basic elements, namely the laws o...
“A Reexamination of Biological Information from the Perspective of Practice”
Biology Information Signal
2009/9/17
Much of the debate surrounding the concept of information in biology centers on the question of whether or not biological systems ‘really’ carry information. The criterion for determining if a system ...
An oft-repeated claim is that there is information in some biological entity or process, most especially in genes (Downes 2005). Some of these claims derive from the Central Dogma, population genetics...
Oxford University Research Group on the Philosophy of Information
Oxford University Research Group Philosophy of Information
2008/7/7
Welcome to the home page of the IEG, the interdepartmental research group on the philosophy of information (PI) at Oxford University.
The IEG is the result of a collaboration between OUCL (the Oxf...
Modeling Partially Reliable Information Sources: a General Approach based on Dempster-Shafer Theory
Dempster-Shafer Theory Probabilistic Argumentation
2008/4/15
Combining testimonial reports from independent and partially reliable information sources is an important problem of uncertain reasoning. Within the framework of Dempster-Shafer theory, we propose a g...
How can self-locating propositions be integrated into normal patterns of belief revision? Puzzles such as Sleeping Beauty seem to show that such propositions lead to violation of ordinary principles f...
An Application of Information Theory to the Problem of the Scientific Experiment
Information theory ergodic theory induction
2008/4/10
There are two basic approaches to the problem of induction: the empirical one, which deems that the possibility of induction depends on how the world was made (and how it works) and the logical one, w...