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Lateral and vertical transfer in biology,linguistics and anthropology-An account of widely neglected ideas in the formation of evolutionary theories
unilinear transmission of cultural and biological replicators phylogenetic images of descent tree of life and the tree of languages metaphors 'antidotes' to evolution lateral and vertical transfer in biology linguistics and the history of sciences networks and reticulations Sprachbund mixed languages endosymbiosis cultural diffusion anti-evolutionism evolutionary epistemiology
2016/6/14
Models of biological and cultural evolution that developed from the 19th century onward are characterized by two main features:(1)They were mostly centered on the unilinear transmission of cultural an...
When one model is not enough:Combining epistemic tools in systems biology
modeling reverse engineering network motifs Rheinberger engineering analogies historical epistemology
2016/6/13
In recent years, the philosophical focus of the modeling literature has shifted from descriptions of general properties of models to an interest in different model functions. It has been argued that t...
Tracing organizing principles:Learning from the history of systems biology
systems biology organizing principles general systems theory design principles mathematical modeling
2016/6/13
With the emergence of systems biology the notion of organizing principles is being highlighted as a key research aim. Researchers attempt to ‘reverse engineer’ the functional organization of biologica...
Systems Biology and the Integration of Mechanistic Explanation and Mathematical Explanation
Systems biology integration mechanistic explanation mathematical models mechanisms
2016/6/12
The paper discusses how systems biology is working toward complex accounts that integrate explanation in terms of mechanisms and explanation by mathematical models—which some philosophers have viewed ...
Practice-oriented controversies and borrowed epistemic credibility in current evolutionary biology:phylogeography as a case study
evolutionary biology scientific practice scientific controversy phylogeography epistemic credibility coalescent population genetic and phylogenetic modeling
2016/6/12
Although there is increasing recognition that theory and practice in science are intimately intertwined, philosophy of science perspectives on scientific controversies have been historically focused o...
Do Microbes Question Standard Thinking in the Philosophy of Biology?Critical Notice of John Dupré "Processes of Life–Essays in the Philosophy of Biology"
philosophy of biology microbes life organism cooperation
2016/5/31
Do Microbes Question Standard Thinking in the Philosophy of Biology?Critical Notice of John Dupré "Processes of Life–Essays in the Philosophy of Biology".
Practice-oriented controversies and borrowed epistemic support in current evolutionary biology: phylogeography as a case study
scientific practice, scientific controversy, epistemic credibility, phylogeography, statistical inference, Bayesianism, Popperianism
2011/10/9
Although there is increasing recognition that theory and practice in science are often inseparably intertwined, discussions of scientific controversies often continue to focus on theory, and not pract...
An oft-repeated claim is that there is information in some biological entity or process, most especially in genes (Downes 2005). Some of these claims derive from the Central Dogma, population genetics...
Species are not theoretical objects, or, On what there is in biology
theoretical objects biology
2009/9/8
It is often claimed that species are the units of evolution, but this is not defined or clearly explained. In this paper I will argue that species are phenomenal objects that stand in need of explanat...
Causation in Biology: Stability, Specificity, and the Choice of Levels of Explanation
Cause Stability Levels of Explanation Causal Specificity
2009/9/8
This paper attempts to elucidate three characteristics of causal relationships that are significant in biological contexts. Stability has to do with whether a causal relationship continues to hold und...
Stable Models and Causal Explanation in Evolutionary Biology
Group Selection Stable Models
2008/4/21
Models that fail to satisfy the Markov condition are unstable in the sense that changes in state variable values may cause changes in the values of background variables, and these changes in backgroun...
Philosophical discussion of molecular and developmental biology began in the late 1960s with the use of genetics as a test case for models of theory reduction. With this exception, the theory of natur...
Functional Properties and Convergence in Biology
Function Convergence Biology Multiple Realization
2008/4/14
Evolutionary convergence is often appealed to in support of claims about multiple realization. The idea is that convergence shows that the same function can be realized by different kinds of structure...
Better Policy through Better Science: Using Metascience to Improve Dose-Response Curves in Biology and in ICRP Ecological Risk Assessment
Better Science Better Policy
2008/4/9
Many people argue that uncertain science -- or controversial policies based on science -- can be clarified primarily by greater attention to the social and ethical values influencing the science and t...
“Between Physics and Biology: Chemical Sciences in the Twentieth Century”, 29-30 May 1999, München, Germany
Physics Biology Chemical Sciences
2008/4/7
Under the patronage of the UNESCO, the international science community has been shaping itself during the past decades, apparently inspired by a mixture of Prussian style of social organization, Arist...