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Reassessing Woodward's account of explanation:regularities,counterfactuals,and non-causal explanations
Explanation Woodward non-causal scaling-laws
2016/6/15
We reassess Woodward’s counterfactual account of explanation in relation to regularity explananda. Woodward (2005) presents an account of causal explanation. We argue, by using an explanation of Kleib...
Modeling causal structures:Volterra's struggle and Darwin's success
Modeling Causal inference Volterra Predator-prey-model Darwin Coral atolls
2016/6/15
The Lotka-Volterra predator-prey-model is a widely known example of model-based science. Here we reexamine Vito Volterra's and Umberto D'Ancona's original publications on the model, and in particular ...
Philosophers have proposed many alleged examples of non-causal explana- tions of particular events. I discuss several well-known examples and argue that they fail to be non-causal.
Unboxing the Concepts in Newcomb’s Paradox:Causation,Prediction,Decision in Causal Knowledge Patterns
evidential vs causal decision theory Newcomb’s paradox Bayes nets causal models interventionist account of causation
2016/6/15
In Nozick’s rendition of the decision situation given in Newcomb’s Paradox dominance and the principle of maximum expected utility recommend different strategies. While evidential decision theory (EDT...
Natural Selection and Causal Productivity
Stuart Glennan Wesley Salmon natural selection causal production mark transmission individuality reductionism causal process causal propagation populations population level
2016/6/15
In the recent philosophical literature, two questions have arisen concerning the status of natural selection: 1) Is it a population-level phenomenon, or is it an organism-level phenomenon? 2) Is it a ...
Causal Foundationalism,Physical Causation,and Difference-Making
Causation Difference-Making Physical Causation Causal Foundationalism
2016/6/13
An influential tradition in the philosophy of causation has it that all token causal facts are, or are reducible to, facts about difference-making. Challenges to this tradition have typically focused ...
Overdetermination in Intuitive Causal Decision Theory
causal decision theory causation overdetermination preemption trumping decisional overdetermination
2016/6/12
Causal decision theory defines a rational action as the one that tends to cause the best outcomes. If we adopt counterfactual or probabilistic theories of causation, then we may face problems in overd...
Causal explanation beyond the gene: manipulation and causality in epigenetics
causation explanation intervention epigenetics methodology observational studies causalidad explicación intervención epigenética metodología estudios observacionales
2016/5/27
This paper deals with the interrelationship between causal explanation and methodology in a relatively young discipline in biology: epigenetics. Based on cases from molecular and ecological epigenetic...
Causal deviance and the attribution of moral responsibility
Causal deviance moral responsibility
2015/11/10
Are current theories of moral responsibility missing a factor in the attribution of blame and praise? Four studies demonstrated that even when cause, intention, and outcome (factors generally assumed ...
Mechanistic Information and Causal Continuity
information mechanisms mechanistic information DNA expression sensori-motor reflexes Krebs cycle causal explanation causal continuity teleology, function
2011/9/6
Some biological processes (our examples are DNA expression and a reflex response in the leech) move from step to step in a way that cannot be completely understood solely in terms of causes and correl...
The Hidden Premise in the Causal Argument for Physicalism
Physicalism Completeness of Physics Causal Closure of Physics Causation
2011/9/6
The causal argument for physicalism is anayzed and it's key premise--the causal closure of physics--is found wanting. Therefore, a hidden premise must be added to the argument to gain its conclusion, ...
《The Analysis of Mind 》Lecture V. Psychological and Physical Causal Laws
分析哲学 Analytic Philosophy Bertrand Russell 罗素
2008/7/28
The traditional conception of cause and effect is one which modern science shows to be fundamentally erroneous, and requiring to be replaced by a quite different notion, that of LAWS OF CHANGE. In the...