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Probability in physics:stochastic,statistical,quantum
quantum mechanics statistical mechanics stochastic dynamics probability objective chance
2016/6/15
I review the role of probability in contemporary physics and the origin of probabilistic time asymmetry, beginning with the pre-quantum case (both stochastic mechanics and classical statistical mechan...
I give a brief account of the way in which thermodynamics and statistical mechanics actually work as contemporary scientific theories, and in particular of what statistical mechanics contributes to th...
Justifying Typicality Measures of Boltzmannian Statistical Mechanics and Dynamical Systems
typicality probability Boltzmann statistical mechanics dynamical systems ergodic epsilon-ergodic translation-continuous translation-close
2016/6/15
A popular view in contemporary Boltzmannian statistical mechanics is to interpret the measures as typicality measures. In dynamical systems theory measures can similarly be interpreted as typicality m...
Against the Statistical Account of Special Science Laws
laws of nature ceteris paribus laws probability/statistics determinism/indeterminism causation
2016/6/13
John Earman and John T. Roberts advocate a challenging and radical claim regarding the semantics of laws in the special sciences: the statistical account. According to this account, a typical special ...
Unsharp Humean Chances in Statistical Physics:A Reply to Beisbart
Best System Analysis Chance Unsharp Probability Statistical Mechanics
2016/6/13
In an illuminating article, Claus Beisbart argues that the recently-popular thesis that the probabilities of statistical mechanics (SM) are Best System chances runs into a serious obstacle: there is n...
The Best Humean System for Statistical Mechanics
Boltzmannian statistical mechanics determinism objective chances
2016/6/13
Classical statistical mechanics posits probabilities for various events to occur, and these probabilities seem to be objective chances. This does not seem to sit well with the fact that the theory’s t...
Good just isn't good enough-Humean chances and Boltzmannian statistical physics
ontic probability D. Lewis thermodynamics Boltzmannian statistical physics
2016/6/12
Statistical physicists assume a probability distribution over micro-states to explain thermodynamic behavior. The question of this paper is whether these probabilities are part of a best system and ca...
Growth of science under the social influence in Arabic-Islamic and Western Civilisations,700-1900(Statistical Models)
History of science Science development Statistical model
2016/5/31
A population of breakthrough scientists is considered to trace the development of science in both old Arabic-Islamic and Western civilisations. A statistical method is used to trace variation in the s...
Probabilities in Statistical Mechanics:What are they?
Statistical mechanics thermodynamics probability chance method of arbitrary functions
2016/5/30
This paper addresses the question of how we should regard the probability distributions introduced into statistical mechanics. It will be argued that it is problematic to take them either as purely on...
What is Statistical Mechanics?
Statistical Mechanics Entropy Second Law of Thermodynamics Equilibrium
2016/5/30
Thermodynamics describes a large class of phenomena we observe in macroscopic systems. The aim of statistical mechanics is to account for this behaviour in terms of the dynamical laws governing the mi...
Statistical VS Wave Realism in the Foundations of Quantum Mechanics
quantum realism quantum states wavefunction
2016/5/30
Different realistic attitudes towards wavefunctions and quantum states are as old as quantum theory itself. Recently Pusey, Barret and Rudolph (PBR) on the one hand, and Auletta and Tarozzi (AT) on th...
Identity,Superselection Theory and the Statistical Properties of Quantum Fields
Identity Superselection Theory Statistical Properties Quantum Fields
2016/5/27
The permutation symmetry of quantum mechanics is widely thought to imply a sort of metaphysical underdetermination about the identity of particles. Despite claims to the contrary, this implication doe...
“Describing our Whole Experience”: The Statistical Philosophy of W.F.R. Weldon
biometry Mendelism Pearson, Karl positivism statistics Weldon, W. F. R.
2011/9/8
There are two motivations commonly ascribed to historical actors for taking up statistics: to reduce complicated data to a mean value (e.g., Quetelet), and to take account of diversity (e.g., Galton)....
Statistical Decisions and the Interim Analyses of Clinical Trials
stopping rules neyman-pearson bayes bayesian statistical decision statistical inference
2011/9/8
This paper analyzes statistical decisions during the interim analyses of clinical trials. After some general remarks about the ethical and scientific demands of clinical trials, I introduce the notion...
Typicality and the Approach to Equilibrium in Boltzmannian Statistical Mechanics
Typicality probability Boltzmann approach to equilibrium non-equilibrium
2009/3/27
Systems prepared in a non-equilibrium state approach, and eventually reach, equilibrium. Why do they do so? An important contemporary version of the Boltzmannian approach to statistical mechanics answ...