搜索结果: 1-15 共查到“哲学 causal”相关记录58条 . 查询时间(0.577 秒)
In this article I try to once again endorse absolute time into the Philosophy of Physics. The way I endorse absolute time is quite natural and as far as I know is new in debate (c.f. 1CThe fate of pre...
Reassessing Woodward's account of explanation:regularities,counterfactuals,and non-causal explanations
Explanation Woodward non-causal scaling-laws
2016/6/15
We reassess Woodward’s counterfactual account of explanation in relation to regularity explananda. Woodward (2005) presents an account of causal explanation. We argue, by using an explanation of Kleib...
Causal inference,mechanisms,and the Semmelweis case
methodology causal inference numerical tables mechanisms animal experiments
2016/6/15
Semmelweis's discovery of the cause of puerperal fever around the middle of the 19th century counts among the paradigm cases of scientific discovery. For several decades, philosophers of science have ...
Modeling causal structures:Volterra's struggle and Darwin's success
Modeling Causal inference Volterra Predator-prey-model Darwin Coral atolls
2016/6/15
The Lotka-Volterra predator-prey-model is a widely known example of model-based science. Here we reexamine Vito Volterra's and Umberto D'Ancona's original publications on the model, and in particular ...
Philosophers have proposed many alleged examples of non-causal explana- tions of particular events. I discuss several well-known examples and argue that they fail to be non-causal.
The Contextual Character of Causal Evidence
Causal Inference Evidence Contextualism Interventions Manipulability Theories of Causation James Woodward
2016/6/15
I argue for the thesis that causal evidence is context-dependent. The same causal claim may be warranted by the same piece of evidence in one context but not another. I show this in particular for the...
Why Is There Universal Macro-Behavior?Renormalization Group Explanation As Non-causal Explanation
explanation non-causal explanation renormalization group explanation universality
2016/6/15
Renormalization group (RG) methods are an established strategy to explain how it is possible that microscopically different systems exhibit virtually the same macro behavior when undergoing phase-tran...
Unboxing the Concepts in Newcomb’s Paradox:Causation,Prediction,Decision in Causal Knowledge Patterns
evidential vs causal decision theory Newcomb’s paradox Bayes nets causal models interventionist account of causation
2016/6/15
In Nozick’s rendition of the decision situation given in Newcomb’s Paradox dominance and the principle of maximum expected utility recommend different strategies. While evidential decision theory (EDT...
Causal Graphs for EPR Experiments
philosophy of physics quantum theory Bell's theorem EPR argument non-locality causal graph theory Bayesian nets
2016/6/15
We examine possible causal structures of experiments with entangled quantum objects. Previously, these structures have been obscured (i) by assuming a misleading probabilistic analysis of quantum non ...
Natural Selection and Causal Productivity
Stuart Glennan Wesley Salmon natural selection causal production mark transmission individuality reductionism causal process causal propagation populations population level
2016/6/15
In the recent philosophical literature, two questions have arisen concerning the status of natural selection: 1) Is it a population-level phenomenon, or is it an organism-level phenomenon? 2) Is it a ...
Causal Foundationalism,Physical Causation,and Difference-Making
Causation Difference-Making Physical Causation Causal Foundationalism
2016/6/13
An influential tradition in the philosophy of causation has it that all token causal facts are, or are reducible to, facts about difference-making. Challenges to this tradition have typically focused ...
Overdetermination in Intuitive Causal Decision Theory
causal decision theory causation overdetermination preemption trumping decisional overdetermination
2016/6/12
Causal decision theory defines a rational action as the one that tends to cause the best outcomes. If we adopt counterfactual or probabilistic theories of causation, then we may face problems in overd...
Causal relations and explanatory strategies in physics
explanation causation physics models idealization
2016/5/31
Many philosophers now regard causal approaches to explanation as highly promising, even in physics. This is due in large part to James Woodward’s influential argument that a wide range of explanations...
An Epistemology of Causal Inference from Experiment
causation experiment Gasparo Berti water barometer vacuum
2016/5/31
The manipulationist account of causation provides a conceptual analysis of cause-effect relationships in terms of hypothetical experiments. It also explains why and how experiments are used for the em...
Warranting the use of causal claims:a non-trivial case for interdisciplinarity
causal inference ceteris paribus policy evaluation abstraction prediction external validity inferencia causal evaluacion de políticas abstraccion prediccion validez externa
2016/5/31
To what use can causal claims established in good policy studies be put? We isolate two reasons inferences from study to target fail. First, policy variables do not produce results on their own; they ...