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Against the Statistical Account of Special Science Laws
laws of nature ceteris paribus laws probability/statistics determinism/indeterminism causation
2016/6/13
John Earman and John T. Roberts advocate a challenging and radical claim regarding the semantics of laws in the special sciences: the statistical account. According to this account, a typical special ...
Mathematical biology and the existence of biological laws
Laws Mathematical biology Contingency Dynamical systems Reducibility
2016/5/30
An influential position in the philosophy of biology claims that there are no biological laws, since any apparently biological generalization is either too accidental, fact-like or contingent to be na...
‘The Law of a Commonweal’: The Social Vision of Hooker’s Of the Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity and Shakespeare’s The Taming of the Shrew
Sir Wilfred Grenfell College Memorial University of Newfoundland
2009/12/7
In the first book of Of the Laws of Ecclesiastical Polity, Richard Hooker offers the
following account of the origins of human sociality, the moment when the individual, upon
the discovery of person...
Understanding And Individuality In The Three Cities: An Interpretation Of Plato's Laws
Understanding Individuality Plato's Laws
2009/12/3
In the Laws, Plato asks, first of all, whether humanity, through reason and the political
art, possesses some sovereignty in ordering human life to the divine good, and secondly,
whether the human i...
Some Laws of Nature are Metaphysically Contingent
Laws of nature essentialism scientific essentialism counterfactuals
2009/9/17
Laws of nature are puzzling because they have a ‘modal character’—they seem to be ‘necessary-ish’—even though they also seem to be metaphysically contingent. And it is hard to understand how contingen...
A law about frequencies would be a law of nature that imposes a constraint on one or more (actual, global) frequencies. On any of the leading philosophical approaches to laws of nature, there could be...
Newtonian Emanation, Spinozism, Measurement, and the Baconian Origins of the Laws of Nature
Newton, Bacon, Spinoza, emanation, formal causation, laws of nature, measurement
2011/9/8
This paper investigates what Newton could have meant in a now famous passage from De Gravitatione (hereafter “DeGrav”) that “space is as it were an emanative effect of God” (21). First I offer a caref...
Women's Voices, Men's Laws:The Halakhic Process and Three Women's Accounts of Rape
Rape Women's Voices
2008/11/12
In cases of rape, one might expect the rabbis to punish the transgressors, even if they could not be convicted under the stringent Talmudic rules of evidence. However, in the responsa of three late 18...
Human cloning laws, human dignity and the poverty of the policy making dialogue
Human cloning laws human dignity
2008/11/7
Background
The regulation of human cloning continues to be a significant national and international policy issue. Despite years of intense academic and public debate, there is little clarity as to th...
《The Analysis of Mind 》Lecture V. Psychological and Physical Causal Laws
分析哲学 Analytic Philosophy Bertrand Russell 罗素
2008/7/28
The traditional conception of cause and effect is one which modern science shows to be fundamentally erroneous, and requiring to be replaced by a quite different notion, that of LAWS OF CHANGE. In the...
Laws, Symmetry, and Symmetry Breaking; Invariance, Conservation Principles, and Objectivity
symmetry invariance symmetry breaking
2008/4/22
Given its importance in modern physics, philosophers of science have paid surprisingly little attention to the subject of symmetries and invariances, and they have largely neglected the subtopic of sy...
Physical Models and Fundamental Laws: Using One Piece of the World to Tell About Another (Pavia MBR'01 version)
Models similarity laws analogical reasoning
2008/4/22
In this paper I discuss the relationship between model, theories, and laws in the practice of experimental scale modeling. The methodology of experimental scale modeling, also known as physical simila...
The Fundamental Principles of Existence and the Origin of Physical Laws
ontological principles of reality reduction of biology to physics
2008/4/21
In this essay the ontological structure of reality is explored. The question of reducibility of biology to physics is considered in the context of their ultimate principles. It is shown that biology i...
The laws of physics were not handed down from above. Neither are they rules somehow built into the structure of the universe. They are ingredients of the models that physicists invent to describe obse...
Causes without Mechanisms: Experimental Regularities, Physical Laws, and Neuroscientific Explanation
Causes Mechanisms
2008/4/10
This paper examines the role of experimental generalizations and physical laws in neuroscientific explanations, using Hodgkin’s and Huxley’s electrophysiological model from 1952 as a test case. I show...