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Big Data–The New Science of Complexity
big data data-intensive science computer simulations modeling complexity non-parametric statistics causation
2016/6/15
Data-intensive techniques, now widely referred to as 'big data', allow for novel ways to address complexity in science. I assess their impact on the scientific method. First, big-data science is disti...
How Strong is the Confirmation of a Hypothesis by Significant Data?
significance tests Bayesianism confirmation likelihoodism falsification inference to the best explanation
2016/6/12
The aim of the article is to determine how much a hypothesis H is actually confirmed if it has successfully passed a classical significance test. Bayesians have already raised many serious objections ...
Phenomenal Experiences,First-Person Methods,and the Artificiality of Experimental Data
first-person data introspective evidence philosophy of psychology history and philosophy of psychology epistemology of experimentation
2016/5/30
This paper argues that whereas philosophical discussions of first-person methods often turn on the veridicality of first-person reports, more attention should be paid to the experimental circumstances...
I observe that,as the physics side of the OPERA-anomaly story is apparently unfolding,there can still be motivation for philosophy of science to analyze the six months of madness physicists spent chas...
Multiple Uncertainties in Time-Variant Cosmological Particle Data
Visualization Applications Cosmology Parallel Coordinates Uncertainty Visualization
2015/7/29
Though the mediums for visualization are limited, the potential dimensions of a dataset are not. In many areas of scientific study, understanding the correlations between those dimensions and their un...
Discounting a surgical risk: data, understanding, and gist
Bioethics Case Study Decision Making Ethics Physician-Patient Relationship Risk Assessment Surgery
2014/11/17
Excerpt: A few days after the surgery, Ms. Reid came in for an emergency appointment with Dr. Feng. It was obvious that she was irate,but her voice could barely be heard above the noise of the clinic....
Stopping Rules and Data Monitoring in Clinical Trials
stopping rules neyman-pearson bayes bayesian statistical decision statistical inference
2011/9/8
Philosophers subscribing to particular principles of statistical inference need to be aware of the limitations and practical consequences of the statistical approach they endorse. The framework here p...
Although the observational status of data produced by instruments has been widely discussed among philosophers of science, those who defend it (e.g. Shapere (1982), Hacking (1983), Humphreys (2004) an...
Bogen and Woodward’s data-phenomena distinction, forms of theory-ladenness, and the reliability of data
Data Phenomena Bogen and Woodward inductive inference reliability
2009/4/16
Some twenty years ago, Bogen and Woodward challenged one of the fundamental assumptions of the received view, namely the theory-observation dichotomy and argued for the introduction of the further cat...
Bogen and Woodward’s data-phenomena distinction, forms of theory-ladenness, and the reliability of data
Data Phenomena Bogen and Woodward inductive inference reliability
2011/9/8
Some twenty years ago, Bogen and Woodward challenged one of the fundamental assumptions of the received view, namely the theory-observation dichotomy and argued for the introduction of the further cat...
Variation in recruitment across sites in a consent-based clinical data registry: lessons from the Canadian Stroke Network
registry Variation
2008/11/12
Background
In earlier work, we found important selection biases when we tried to obtain consent for participation in a national stroke registry. Recognizing that not all registries will be exempt fro...
Teaching Teachers to Use Data to Inform Issues of Equity and Instruction
Equity Instruction
2008/4/7
This paper reports on research on the development of teachers’ inquiry skills in undertaking independent projects using data from high stakes tests in a course on the science and politics of testing. ...